The 18-year-old, who plays Craig Tinker in the ITV soap, was stuck in traffic on the motorway when he took a picture of falling snow outside.
Colson shared the image with his Instagram and Snapchat followers, and captioned the shot: “Snow u wot u wot” with a snowflake emoji.
The actor has since apologised for using his mobile phone while in charge of a vehicle.
Speaking via The Sun, he said: “I apologise for taking the photo. I was in stationary traffic and didn’t think about the implications of what I was doing.
“I now realise how irresponsible this is and won’t be doing it again.”
A safety spokesperson for the RAC said: “We hope the highlighting of this case serves as a valuable lesson to both the person concerned and every other driver.
“The consequences of using a handheld phone at the wheel can be tragic and we need to make this as socially unacceptable as drink-driving.”
It is not known whether any action will be taken against Colson as an incident of this nature can carry a fine of up to £200 and result in points added to a driving licence.
Last year, Tracy Barlow actress Kate Ford also came under fire for taking a photo while driving with her eight-year-old son in the vehicle.
The incident happened while Kate, 39, was driving her son Otis to school and the traffic came to a stand still.
While sat in traffic, she took a picture of the cars building up in front of her and posted it to Twitter, with the caption: “Ah school run traffic how I’ve missed you.”
The star apologised after she was criticised by her social media followers as well as a road safety charity for her actions.
Coronation Street continues tonight at 7.30pm on ITV.